《魚我所欲也》中文及英文翻譯
引導語：《魚我所欲也》選自《孟子·告子上》，論述了孟子的一個重要主張：義重於生，當義和生不能兩全時應該捨生取義。這部偉大的作品除了中國人喜歡之外，也一樣為世界所喜愛。下面是小編整理的《魚我所欲也》中文及英文翻譯，一起來學習吧。
魚我所欲也
孟子
原文
魚，我所欲也，熊掌，亦我所欲也，二者不可得兼，舍魚而取熊掌者也。生，亦我所欲也，義，亦我所欲也，二者不可得兼，捨生而取義者也。生亦我所欲，所欲有甚於生者，故不為苟得也。死亦我所惡，所惡有甚於死者，故患有所不闢也。如使人之所欲莫甚於生，則凡可以得生者何不用也。使人之所惡莫甚於死者，則凡可以闢患者何不為也!由是則生而有不用也;由是則可以闢患而有不為也。是故所欲有甚於生者，所惡有甚於死者。非獨賢者有是心也，人皆有之，賢者能勿喪耳。
一簞食，一豆羹，得之則生，弗得則死。呼爾而與之，行道之人弗受;蹴爾而與之，乞人不屑也。
萬鍾則不辯禮義而受之，萬鍾於我何加焉!為宮室之美，妻妾之奉，所識窮乏者得我與?鄉為身死而不受，今為宮室之美為之;鄉為身死而不受，今為妻妾之奉為之;鄉為身死而不受，今為所識窮乏者得我而為之：是亦不可以已乎?此之謂失其本心。
英文翻譯
Mencius says, “Fish is what I desire, and so are bear’s paws. If I cannot have them both, I would choose the latter and forsake the former. Life is what I desire, and so is righteousness. If I cannot have them both, I would choose the latter and forsake the former. To be sure, life is desirable, but I will not stick to it discreditably if something more precious is to be desired. I hate death, but I will not shun it when there is something more abhorrent than it. To make life one’s greatest desire, what one would not resort to if only he could preserve it? To make death one’s greatest abhorrence, what one would not do if only he could avert it? Hence there is something not to be resorted to even for the preservation of life and something not to be done even for the evasion of death. Therefore, that one would prefer righteousness to life and abhor iniquity more than death is not only the case with sages, but is also true of everybody. What makes the difference is that the former would on no account lose this inclination. A morsel of food and a bowl of soup, however indispensable to his survival, would be rejected by a wanderer if given with indignities, and would be distained by a beggar if given with kicks. ”
“Thousands of piculs of grain acquired as reward without paying regard to honor and justice—what good would they do to me? Just useful for building splendid houses, supporting wife and concubines, or for winning the gratitude of poor acquaintances? Previously I refused them, even setting death at defiance. Yet now I accept them for the sake of building splendid houses, supporting wife and concubines and winning the gratitude of poor acquaintances—could it be said to be reasonable? It is called being destitute of one’s inborn nature. ”
白話譯文
魚是我所想要的，熊掌也是我所想要的，如果這兩種東西不能同時得到，我寧願捨棄魚而選取熊掌。生命也是我所想要的，道義也是我所想要的，如果這兩種東西不能同時得到，我寧願捨棄生命而選取道義。生命是我所喜愛的，但我所喜愛的還有勝過生命的東西，所以我不做苟且偷生的事;死亡是我所厭惡的，但我所厭惡的還有超過死亡的事，所以有的災禍我不躲避。如果人們所喜愛的東西沒有超過生命的，那麼凡是能夠用來求得生存的手段，有什麼不可以使用呢?如果人們所厭惡的事情沒有超過死亡的，那麼凡是能夠用來逃避災禍的方法哪會不採用呢?採用這種做法就能夠活命，可是有的人卻不肯採用;採用這種辦法就能夠躲避災禍，可是有的人也不肯採用。是因為有比生命更想要的，有比死亡更厭惡的。並非只是賢人有這種本性，人人都有，只是賢人能夠不喪失罷了。
一碗飯，一碗湯，吃了就能活下去，不吃就會餓死。沒有禮貌的 吆喝著給別人吃，過路的饑民也不肯接受;用腳踢著或踩過給別人吃，乞丐也不願意接受。
可是有的人見了優厚的俸祿卻不分辨是否合乎禮儀就接受了。這樣，優厚的俸祿對我有什麼好處呢?是為了住宅的`華麗、妻妾的侍奉和熟識的窮人感激我嗎?先前有的人寧肯死也不願接受，現在有的人為了住宅的華麗卻接受了;先前有的人寧肯死也不願接受，現在有的人為了大小老婆的侍奉卻接受了;先前有的人寧肯死也不願接受，現在有的人為了所認識的貧窮的人感激自己卻接受了。這樣看來這種做法不是可以停止了嗎?這就叫做喪失了人所固有的羞惡廉恥之心。