關於Nurbs汽車方向盤建模的Maya教程
為了讓大家更能理解這個教程，我並不翻譯其中一些命令，這樣可以讓一些初學者 ( 不是很熟悉 maya nurbs 建模命令 ) 更快找到這些命令。
from front view, create this profile curve (fig 1), and move it to -0.95 of z axis. in this case, i use a measurement of around 5.7 cm (fig 2). use the create measure tools distance tool to check the distance.
在前視窗裡建立輪廓曲線 (fig 1), 並在 z 軸方向上移動約 -0.95. 在這個教程裡，我的尺寸約為 5.7 cm(fig 2). 你可以使用 create measure tools distance tool 來檢查你的尺寸 .
fig 1
fig 2
from side view, duplicate this curve and move the new curve to 0.951 of z axis (fig 3), then tweak this new curves cvs into this shape (fig 4), so it looks smaller than the original.
在側檢視複製曲線，並在 z 軸方向上移動約為 0.951(fig 3), 然後將新複製的曲線移動各 cv 點使其形狀像 (fig 4) 所示，可以看出它比原來的曲線輪廓要小。
fig 3
fig 4
Next,selectthe 2 curves and go to surface loft (fig 5). OK. Next create a NURBS cylinder with radius 2, height ratio 3, sections 20, spans 12 (fig 6).
接下來，選擇這兩條曲線並 surface loft (fig 5). Ok. 建立一個 Nurbs 圓柱體，半徑為 2 ，高為 3 ， sections 為 20,span 為 12(fig 6).
fig 5
fig 6
Now from side view, rescale the Z value to 0.216 (fig7). Next...click theselectby component type button
, go to front view andselectthese center CVs (see fig 8).
回到側視窗，將圓柱體的 z 軸方向縮小到 0.216(fig 7). 接下來選擇中間的一些 CV 點 (fig 8).
fig 7
fig 8
fig 3
fig 4
next,selectthe 2 curves and go to surface loft (fig 5). ok. next create a nurbs cylinder with radius 2, height ratio 3, sections 20, spans 12 (fig 6).
接下來，選擇這兩條曲線並 surface loft (fig 5). ok. 建立一個 nurbs 圓柱體，半徑為 2 ，高為 3 ， sections 為 20,span 為 12(fig 6).
fig 5
fig 6
now from side view, rescale the z value to 0.216 (fig7). next...click theselectby component type button
, go to front view andselectthese center cvs (see fig 8).
回到側視窗，將圓柱體的 z 軸方向縮小到 0.216(fig 7). 接下來選擇中間的一些 cv 點 (fig 8).
fig 7
fig 8
now move the selected cvs to 1.433 of z axis (fig 9), you can see the cvs axis value in the cvs panel (right side).
將它們在 z 軸方向上移動約 1.433 的距離，你可以在右邊通道欄裡看到數值 .
fig 9
next,selectyour lofted object, shift-select the cylinder, go to edit nurbs surface fillet circular fillet option box and apply these settings (fig 10). note : use 0.0010 for positional tolerance for betterfillet tolerance, hit fillet, then youll have this figure (fig 11).
接下來，選擇你 loft 成的曲面，按 shift 鍵選擇圓柱體，到 edit nurbs surface fillet circular fillet option box 選項框裡運用這個設定 (fig 10).
記住 : 使用 0.0010 的數值給 positional tolerance ，這樣你就可以得到 (fig 11).
fig 10
fig 11
next,selectthe cylinder, go to edit nurbs trim tools ,selectoneof the white trim areas (fig 12), rotate your camera view to back side,andselectback center area (fig 13) then hit enter.
接下來，選擇圓柱體，到 edit nurbs trim tools, 選擇要保留的曲面區域，如 (fig 12)(fig 13) 所示，然後 trim 它。
fig 12
fig 13
next,selectthe lofted object, go to edit nurbs trim tools ,selectone of center top areas (fig 14) then hit enter (fig 15).
選擇 loft 出來的曲面，到 edit nurbs trim tools, 選擇要保留的曲面區域，如 (fig 14)(fig 15) 所示，然後 trim 它。
fig 14
fig 15
next from front view, create a nurbs torus with radius 3.8, sections 22, height ratio 0.08, rotate it to 90%26deg; of x axis (fig 16), thenselectthese 4 cvs and rescale them a little bit towards the center (use left manipulator to rescale them) (fig 17).
回到前視窗，建立一個 nurbs 圓環，半徑為 3.8,section 為 22 ， hight ratio 為 0.08, 並在 x 軸方向上旋轉 90 度 (fig 16), 選擇這 4 個 cv 點並將它們向中心方向拉伸一點 .(fig 17)
fig 16
fig 17
next, create a nurbs circle with 18 spans, rotate it to around -41.676%26deg; of z axis and rescale to 0.238 of z scale, translate it to -2.484 of x axis and -2.736 of y axis (fig 18). next, you need to duplicate and rotate this curve several times towards the top left side and tweak some cvs (see fig 19).
接下平，建立一個 nurbs 圓曲線， span 為 18, 並在 z 軸方向上旋轉 -41.676 度，並將 z 軸方向縮小到 0.238, 在 x 軸方向上移動到 -2.484 ， y 軸移動到 -2.736(fig 18). 接下來你需要複製一些曲線並旋轉移動到 (fig 19) ，適當移動它們的一些 cv 點。
fig 18
fig 19
next,selectall of these curves sequentially and go to surface loft (fig 20). next create a nurbs cylinder with 16 sections, 4 spans, height ratio 2, rotate it to 90 of x axis, scale it 0.462 of x axis, rotate it to around 30.818%26deg; of z axis, and then rescale one row ofthe outer cvs. rescale them very small until it looks like they are touching each other (fig21).按順序選擇這些曲線並 surface loft (fig 20). 接下來建立一個 nurbs 圓柱體， sections 16 ， 4spans, height ratio 2, 並在 x 軸方向上旋轉 90 度 ,x 軸方向上縮小到 0.462, 在 y 軸方向上旋轉 30.818 度，並拉伸一些 cv 點到看上去都接觸到一起。
fig 20
fig 21
next, put this new cylinder to the half side of the new lofted object at this position (fig 22), heres the front view (fig 23). this cylinder will cut out half of the lofted object (for button place area).
接下來將這個圓柱體移動到新 loft 曲面附近 (fig 22) ，前視窗中如 (fig 23).
fig 22
fig 23
next,selectthe cylinder, shift-select the lofted object, then go to edit nurbs surface fillet circular fillet option box and apply these settings (fig24), then you will have a new fillet area (fig 25).
接下來，選擇這個圓柱體，按 shift 鍵選擇 loft 物體，到 edit nurbs surface fillet circular fillet option box 運用這一選項，你將可以得到如 (fig 25).fig 24
fig 25
nextselectthe cylinder and go to edit nurbs trim tools ,selectthe inside of the cylinder white area (fig 26) and hit enter (fig 27).
接下來選擇圓柱體並 edit nurbs trim tools 它，選擇要保留的區域 (fig 26),trim 後得到 (fig 27).
fig 26
fig 27
nextselectthe lofted object and go to edit nurbs trim tools ,selectthe outside of the lofted object white area (fig 28) and hit enter (fig 29)
接著我們再 edit nurbs trim tools 那個 loft 出來的曲面，選擇要保留的區域如 (fig 28), 並 trim 得到 (fig 29).
fig 28
fig 29
now go to edit selectall by type nurbs surfaces , then go to the rendering module, go to render set nurbs tessellation option box and apply these settings (fig 30), then hit set and close.
到 edit selectall by type nurbs surfaces , rendering module , 進入 render set nurbs tessellation option box 設定如 (fig 30) 點選 set and close.
fig 30
next from front view, create these button profile curves (fig 31), duplicate every profile curve several times, and rescale the last curve into a smaller proportional curve (fig 32).
回到前視窗，建立如 (fig 31) 所示的曲線，複製並移動如 (fig 32), 並將最後的'一條曲線縮小一點 .
note : you could create your own button profile if you want to.
你可以自己建立你喜歡的曲線。
fig 31
fig 32
next,selectevery set of them (sequently), then go to surface loft(fig 33), thenselectevery top curve then go to surface planar to close the buttons top areas, and do some variation with the curves (fig 34).
接下來，按順序選擇這些曲線並 surface loft (fig 33) , 依此選擇每條最後的曲線並 surface planar 以閉合這些曲面 (fig 34).
fig 33
fig 34
now go to display hide hide geometry nurbs curves , to hide all of your curves, thenselectall of these buttons then drag them to their places (fig 35). next from front view,selectall center objects then hide them (by pressing ctrl-h) (fig 36).
隱藏 nurbs 曲線，命令 display hide hide geometry nurbs curves , 將這些曲面移動到如 (fig 35). 回到前視窗，選擇中心的物體並隱藏它們 ( 按 ctrl h)(fig 36).
fig 35
fig 36
thenselectall the objects (not the main torus), then go to edit group . hit group... wait while maya is calculating group. when finished, go to edit duplicate option box , then apply these settings (fig 37), then you will have a mirrored object on the other side (fig 38).
選擇那些物體 ( 不包含主要的圓環 ), 用 edit group 成組 . 成組後，複製它，選項如 (fig 37). 複製後如 (fig 38).
fig 37
fig 38
now go to display show show geometry nurbs surfaces , to show all of your nurbs geometry, then you should have these objects at this point(fig39).
然後將所有的 nurbs 曲面顯示出來，命令 display show show geometry nurbs surfaces . 得到 (fig 39)
fig 39
next to smooth the connection between the center object and the main torus we need to fillet them together.selectthe left lofted object, shift-select main torus, then go to edit nurbs surface fillet circular fillet option box and apply these settings (fig 40), then you will have this (fig 41).
我們需要在大圓環和握手柄之間得到更圓滑的過渡，選擇握手柄再按住 shift 鍵選擇大圓環， edit nurbs surface fillet circular fillet option box ， 選項如 (fig 40), 得到 circular fillet 結果如(fig 41).
fig 40
fig 41
do the same step with the right lofted object, remember : to circular fillet the right side object, you must turn on reverse primary surface normals.
以同樣的方式 circular fillet 右過的握手柄，記住：在 circular fillet 右邊時，要開啟 reverse primary surface normals 選項。(完)